Volume of electrolyte in external tanks determines energy storage capacity Flow batteries can be tailored for an particular application Very fast response times- < 1 msec Time to switch between full-power charge and full-power discharge Typically limited by controls and power electronics Potentially very long discharge times
Also, note that as the volume of the cell components gets small relative to the volume of the electrolytes, the flow battery approaches its theoretical maximum of energy density. Higher capacity systems are thus more efficient in this respect, as the majority of the weight is the electrolyte which directly stores energy.
However, when the flow rate exceeds the critical flow rate, the battery''s performance is no longer sensitive to changes in the flow rate. Hence, there is a mutual constraint between the electrolyte flow rate and pump power, and attaining optimal battery efficiency is an effective solution for improving battery performance.
Flow Battery Characteristics Relatively low specific power and specific energy Best suited for fixed (non-mobile) utility-scale applications Energystorage capacity and powerrating are decoupled Cell stack properties and geometry determine power Volume of electrolyte in external tanks determines energy storage capacity
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